Hexagram 42: Increase

A sunlit island in the Seine, 1884. Georges Seurat constructs the massive canvas using thousands of tiny dots, each a distinct point of pure color that blends optically when viewed from distance. Well-dressed Parisians stroll, recline on grass, gather under parasols. A woman fishes at the water's edge. Children run. Dogs pose. The painting accumulates its image through patient addition—two years of systematic pointillist application, building abundance through disciplined increment.

{artwork_reasoning}

This is Yì (益), Increase, the hexagram that appears when growth comes from below to benefit what lies above. The character shows liquid overflowing a vessel, abundance spilling outward. The trigram structure reverses the previous hexagram: Wind (Xùn) above Thunder (Zhèn), gentle penetration riding on arousing movement. Seurat's technique mirrors this structure—the gentle, persistent application of individual points creates the thunderous whole, each dot contributing to collective luminosity. In Zhou Dynasty agricultural divination, this hexagram appeared at spring planting when earth's stored energy rises to benefit the growing crop. The counsel addresses not sudden windfall but systematic augmentation, increase through proper method.

The Judgment text declares: "Increase. It furthers one to undertake something. It furthers one to cross the great water." The text promises that this is a time when effort multiplies effect, when investment yields return. Seurat invested unprecedented labor in this work—preliminary sketches, color studies, the meticulous dot-by-dot construction on a canvas nearly seven feet tall and ten feet wide. The painting depicts the new leisure of industrial Paris, where the working week's compression created the Sunday afternoon, where public parks and river islands became spaces of recreation. Increase manifests in the proliferation of figures, the accumulated light, the expansion of public space. Song Dynasty commentators noted this hexagram appears when small contributions from many sources create collective benefit, like thousands of dots creating unified luminosity.

The Image Text observes: "Wind and thunder: the image of Increase. Thus the superior person, seeing what is good, imitates it; having faults, corrects them." Thunder provides the arousing force; wind distributes its benefit gradually and widely. Seurat's Neo-Impressionist technique distributes pure color across the canvas, allowing the eye to mix what the palette keeps separate. In the I-Ching sequence, Yì follows Sǔn (decrease): after reduction to essentials comes the time to build again, adding deliberately what serves growth. The Sunday afternoon expands through accumulation of small pleasures—each parasol, each conversation, each reflection on water a point in the larger field of leisure.